Sector
Centre-State & Federal Governance of Education
Education sits on the Concurrent List. This sector covers the constitutional and fiscal relationship between the Union and the states in governing it.
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Early Childhood Care & Education (ECCE)
Education and care for children aged roughly 3 to 6, delivered through both Anganwadi centres and school-attached pre-primary sections. NEP 2020 brought this stage formally into the school system's foundational stage.
Foundational & Ongoing Learning Outcomes
Whether children actually acquire reading and arithmetic at the grade these are taught, and whether learning lost during school closures has been recovered.
School Access, Enrolment & Retention
Who is in school at all, who leaves, and at which stage — separate from what children learn once they are there.
Teachers & Teaching Workforce
Recruitment, deployment, qualification and distribution of school teachers — largely governed by state service rules rather than by schools themselves.
School Infrastructure
The physical and digital conditions of the roughly 14.7 lakh schools captured by UDISE+, and the gap between a facility being present and being functional.
Digital Education & Digital Divide
Household and individual access to devices and connectivity for learning — the demand side of the digital divide, as distinct from what schools themselves have.
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