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In the Periodic Labour Force Survey July 2023 - June 2024, 58.0% of regular wage/salaried employees in non-agricultural work (usual status ps+ss) had no written job contract (58.2% of men, 57.3% of women), against 58.6% in 2022-23 and 62.0% in 2021-22 (Statement 9, rural+urban). By area: 61.1% rural and 55.7% urban. By State the share ranges from 10.0% in Arunachal Pradesh and 11.4% in Mizoram to 71.9% in Gujarat, 77.1% in Rajasthan and 84.5% in Punjab (Table 36). What these do not show: Population: regular wage/salaried employees in non-agricultural work (usual status ps+ss), July 2023 - June 2024 - not all workers, and not farm workers or the self-employed. A written contract is a record of terms, not a measure of pay or security; a worker with no written contract may still be regularly paid, and one with a contract may be on a short fixed term. The survey records contract type only (no contract, or up to 1 year, 1-3 years, over 3 years); it does not say whether the employer is a registered enterprise, which is a separate question from informal sector employment. State figures come from smaller samples and carry sampling error that the report tables do not show. Policy change after the survey period: the Government states that from 21 November 2025 the labour codes require appointment letters for all workers (PIB, 21 Nov 2025). The 2023-24 figure is therefore the baseline before that change; no later survey result on written contracts was found. In plain words: in 2023-24, about 58 of every 100 salaried workers outside agriculture had nothing in writing about their job terms, and in some States the figure was above 70. Evidence confidence: High that the survey reports this share; the survey does not show whether any worker was harmed by the lack of a contract.
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Problem
In the Periodic Labour Force Survey July 2023 - June 2024, 58.0% of regular wage/salaried employees in non-agricultural work (usual status ps+ss) had no written job contract (58.2% of men, 57.3% of women), against 58.6% in 2022-23 and 62.0% in 2021-22 (Statement 9, rural+urban). By area: 61.1% rural and 55.7% urban. By State the share ranges from 10.0% in Arunachal Pradesh and 11.4% in Mizoram to 71.9% in Gujarat, 77.1% in Rajasthan and 84.5% in Punjab (Table 36). What these do not show: Population: regular wage/salaried employees in non-agricultural work (usual status ps+ss), July 2023 - June 2024 - not all workers, and not farm workers or the self-employed. A written contract is a record of terms, not a measure of pay or security; a worker with no written contract may still be regularly paid, and one with a contract may be on a short fixed term. The survey records contract type only (no contract, or up to 1 year, 1-3 years, over 3 years); it does not say whether the employer is a registered enterprise, which is a separate question from informal sector employment. State figures come from smaller samples and carry sampling error that the report tables do not show. Policy change after the survey period: the Government states that from 21 November 2025 the labour codes require appointment letters for all workers (PIB, 21 Nov 2025). The 2023-24 figure is therefore the baseline before that change; no later survey result on written contracts was found. In plain words: in 2023-24, about 58 of every 100 salaried workers outside agriculture had nothing in writing about their job terms, and in some States the figure was above 70. Evidence confidence: High that the survey reports this share; the survey does not show whether any worker was harmed by the lack of a contract.
This is the most specific entry on this branch of the catalogue. The evidence behind it is below.
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If this describes something you or people near you face, tell us. Reports are private: they go to a queue our team reads, and nothing you write here is published.
Prefer a full page? Open the report page.